1818 General Andrew Jackson provided President James Monroe with
the needed conflict to get started on his expansion plan. Spanish land claims west and
east of the Mississippi blocked the grand design of continental expansion. Jackson in
pursuit of Indians into Florida occupied East Florida.
1819 Supreme Court handed down far-reaching decisions in the
Dartmouth College case and in McCulloch v. Maryland.
1819 Adams-Onis Treaty ceded Spanish territory to the United
States.
